Caliper
The diameter of nursery‐grown trees measured at a point on the tree 6 inches above soil line for trees up to 4 inches caliper or measured at a point on the tree 12 inches above soil line for trees greater than 4 inches caliper. Caliper is the measurement used to specify sizes of new or replacement trees planted to meet the requirements of this UDO.

Casualty
Damage or destruction which is caused by the exercise of the power of eminent domain; man-made acts such as riot, fire, accident, explosion; or flood, lightning, wind or other calamity or act of nature.

Champion Tree
Any tree listed as the champion or co-champion of its species, either on the “National Big Tree” list as compiled by the American Forestry Association or on the “Champion Big Trees of North Carolina” list as compiled by the North Carolina Division of Forest Resources or on the “Capital Trees Program” list as complied by Wake County Keep America Beautiful.

Charitable Institution
Establishments that are primarily engaged in administration of programs of financial assistance, training, counseling and other services to individuals or organizations, but not providing housing or shelter.

Closed Fence or Wall
A fence or wall which has no openings and contains shiplap or tongue and groove or similar overlapping design if made of wood.

Civic Club
A not for profit club for civic, social or fraternal purposes operated by a civic, social or fraternal organization, including offices for local, State and regional officials, not including a political party club.

Completion of Construction or Development
No further land-disturbing activity is required on a phase of a project except that which is necessary for establishing a permanent ground cover.

Comprehensive Plan
Refers to the 2030 Comprehensive Plan (latest addition) for the City of Raleigh.

Conservation Development
A conservation development trades smaller lot sizes (with smaller setbacks) and additional density in exchange for protecting a significant amount of open space.

Construction Permit
A zoning permit, grading permit, right-of-way permit, driveway permit, tree conservation area permit or utility plan permit.

Construction Sign
Any temporary sign erected during construction which may indicate the project name and the names of architects, contractors, subcontractors, developers, rental agencies, financial institutions or other principals involved in the sponsorship, design and construction of a structure or project.

Convention Center, Arena
A place of assembly that charges for meeting or exhibition areas and such areas either contain North Carolina Building Code occupancy limits of more than 800 people or have meeting and exhibition areas that total more than 12,000 square feet.

Copy
The wording or pictorial graphics on a sign surface either in permanent or removable form.

Copy (Area of)
The square or rectangular area which fully encloses the extreme limits of the message, copy, announcement or decoration on a sign.

Corner Lot
A lot that has frontage along two or more intersecting streets. Where a street curves so that any two adjacent 100-foot chords thereof form an angle of 110 degrees or less, measured along the centerline of the street, such curve shall be construed as an intersecting street.

Courtyard
An open space, either landscaped, hardscaped or both surrounded by structure(s). Vehicular surface area and parking are not permitted within a courtyard.

Critical Root Zone
The area uniformly encompassed by a circle with a radius equal to 1¼ feet per inch of DBH tree trunk of the preserved tree measured at 4½ feet above the ground (measured to the nearest inch), with the trunk of the tree at the center of the circle. The minimum radius shall not be less than 7 feet.

Current Conditions Hydrology
The flood discharges associated with the land-use conditions existing within the drainage area of a watercourse at the time a flood study of the watercourse was conducted. Current conditions flood discharges and historical flood study information are published in the flood insurance study.

Cutoff Fixture
An outdoor light fixture shielded or constructed in such a manner that no more than 2½ % of the total light emitted by the fixture is projected above the horizontal plane of the fixture.